Lung adenocarcinoma treatment is increasingly guided by precision medicine, combining advanced diagnostics, targeted therapies, immunotherapy, and surgical innovations to improve patient outcomes. Robotic bronchoscopy platforms like MONARCH™ allow minimally invasive access to small lung nodules, accelerating diagnosis. Comprehensive molecular profiling using next-generation sequencing identifies mutations in EGFR, ALK, ROS1, and KRAS, while liquid biopsies detecting circulating tumor DNA offer early detection and post-surgical monitoring.
Targeted therapies now address specific genetic drivers. KRAS inhibitors such as sotorasib and adagrasib tackle the previously “undruggable” KRAS G12C mutation, while advanced EGFR inhibitors like osimertinib show efficacy in adjuvant settings and brain metastases. Emerging treatments are focusing on MET, HER2, RET, and TROP-2 mutations, including bispecific monoclonal antibodies and antibody-drug conjugates. Immunotherapy complements these approaches, using checkpoint inhibitors, personalized vaccines, and tumor-infiltrating lymphocyte therapy to train the immune system against cancer cells.
Surgical care has evolved with minimally invasive robotic- and video-assisted thoracic surgery, fluorescent dyes for precise tumor visualization, and limited resections such as segmentectomy that preserve lung function while maintaining curative outcomes, expanding options for patients with reduced lung capacity.