GLP-1 receptor agonists, commonly used for diabetes and weight loss, may help reduce the risk of colorectal cancer. Drugs like semaglutide and tirzepatide showed promising results in a 2026 study, appearing more effective and safer than aspirin for prevention.
People taking these drugs were 36% less likely to develop colorectal cancer, with risk reduced by 42% in high-risk individuals. Younger adults aged 18–44 also benefited, despite rising early-onset cases. The protective effect was seen regardless of diabetes or obesity.
Researchers suggest the drugs work by lowering inflammation, improving blood sugar control, changing gut bacteria, and possibly slowing tumor growth.
While GLP-1 drugs had fewer serious side effects than aspirin, they more often caused nausea and diarrhea. Experts say more trials are needed before using them specifically for cancer prevention.