The Phase 3 RAMPART Trial studied the combination of Durvalumab and Tremelimumab in patients with kidney cancer who had undergone surgery. The treatment helped prevent cancer from returning, with three-year disease-free survival at 81% compared to 73% for patients under standard monitoring, reducing the risk of recurrence or death by 35%.
However, the therapy also caused noticeable short-term declines in quality of life. Patients experienced fatigue, insomnia, and reduced overall well-being early in treatment, though most recovered by month 15. Some patients later reported cognitive issues and pain. Side effects were common, with 97% of patients experiencing adverse events, 40% facing serious events, and about a third stopping treatment due to toxicity.
Overall, durvalumab plus tremelimumab offers a meaningful survival benefit for resected kidney cancer, but patients and doctors must weigh this against early and late side effects when considering treatment.