Management of HPV-positive oropharyngeal cancer is focusing on keeping high cure rates while reducing long-term side effects. These tumors respond well to therapy, but lowering treatment intensity—called “de-intensification”—must be done carefully, as removing chemotherapy early has led to worse outcomes.
Clinicians are improving quality of life using precision radiation techniques like Proton Therapy to spare healthy tissue, while maintaining strong cure rates. Multidisciplinary care with speech and nutrition support helps patients retain swallowing and eating function, improving recovery.
Emerging treatments include antibody-drug conjugates targeting Nectin-4 and ROR2, and bispecific antibodies against EGFR and other markers, which show stronger responses than older drugs. PD-L1 testing guides immunotherapy, and accurate core biopsies are needed. For recurrent disease, salvage surgery is preferred, with re-irradiation or systemic therapy used selectively or in clinical trials.
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