Ovarian cancer treatment is becoming more personalized and stage-specific, guided by tumor genetics. In early stages (I–II), minimally invasive and robotic surgeries reduce recovery time and pain. Fertility-sparing surgery allows some younger patients to preserve reproductive potential. Genomic profiling is also helping determine which patients truly need chemotherapy, avoiding unnecessary side effects.
In advanced stages (III–IV), treatment combines surgery with targeted therapies. Olaparib, Niraparib, and Rucaparib block DNA repair in cancer cells, especially in BRCA-mutated tumors, delaying recurrence. Bevacizumab prevents tumors from forming new blood vessels.
Immunotherapy, such as Pembrolizumab, benefits select patients with specific biomarkers. Heated intraperitoneal chemotherapy (HIPEC) delivers warm chemotherapy directly into the abdomen during surgery to destroy remaining cancer cells, improving outcomes in some advanced cases.