Recent advances in muscle-invasive bladder cancer (MIBC) have expanded treatment options, particularly for high-risk and metastatic disease.
Combination therapy with Enfortumab vedotin and Pembrolizumab is now a first-line option for advanced bladder cancer. Enfortumab vedotin delivers chemotherapy directly to tumor cells, while pembrolizumab activates the immune system to recognize and attack cancer.
Adjuvant immunotherapy with drugs like Nivolumab or pembrolizumab after surgery significantly increases cancer-free survival. Additional antibody-drug conjugates (ADCs) target cancer cells while minimizing damage to healthy tissue, and targeted therapies such as Erdafitinib are effective for tumors with FGFR2 or FGFR3 mutations. Together, these innovations offer more precise, effective, and personalized strategies for managing MIBC.